Benih Tanaman Penutup Tanah | Pueraria javanica PJ)
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KARAKTERISTIK TANAMAN
Tanaman legum tahunan atau abadi berumur pendek yang tumbuh cepat, merambat hingga melilit. Membentuk lapisan penutup tanah yang lebat dan mampu beregenerasi sendiri di bawah kanopi perkebunan. Sistem akar yang dalam membantu akses kelembapan lapisan tanah bawah serta siklus nutrisi.
MANFAAT
Fiksasi nitrogen, pengendalian erosi, retensi kelembaban tanah, siklus kalium, penekanan gulma, dan tanaman penutup untuk fase penanaman kembali. Pada perkebunan karet yang belum matang, penelitian lapangan membuktikan Pueraria javanica mengikat sekitar 250 kg nitrogen per hektar per tahun — dengan 85–93% dari nitrogen tersebut diambil langsung dari atmosfer. Pada perkebunan karet yang ditanam ulang, tanaman penutup dari keluarga kacang-kacangan termasuk Pueraria mengurangi limpasan air sebesar 88% dan kehilangan tanah sebesar 98% dibandingkan dengan tanah yang tidak ditanami (Perron dkk., 2024).
KEBIAKAN PERTUMBUHAN
Tumbuh subur di bawah sinar matahari penuh maupun naungan sedang. Menghasilkan 14.347 kg biomassa segar per hektar dalam waktu 150 hari berdasarkan uji coba perkebunan di Filipina. Biomassa terurai hingga 95,66% dalam waktu 3 bulan, melepaskan 3,572% N, 0,245% P, dan 0,809% K secara langsung ke zona akar.
PEMANFAATAN KELAPA & TANAMAN MULTIGUNA
Dikenal sebagai tanaman legum peneduh di kebun kelapa, Pueraria javanica menyumbang 28,45 kg biomassa dan 196,2 g nitrogen per petak — dan dapat menggantikan hingga 30% kebutuhan pupuk nitrogen (Indian Coconut Journal, 2022).
JENIS PENANAMAN & TAKARAN BENIH
Monokultur atau campuran: 2–4 kg/ha
METODE PENANAMAN
Penaburan langsung — secara merata atau berbaris
PRODUKSI BAHAN KERING
8–12 ton per hektar per tahun
JUMLAH BENIH PER KG
~55.000 benih
SUPPLIED BY CHEMISEED SDN. BHD.
Pueraria javanica seeds are supplied by Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd., a Malaysian tropical agriculture company specializing in cover crop seeds, soil conditioners, and plantation inputs. Chemiseed is a trusted supplier of leguminous cover crop seeds across the tropics.
GLOBAL AVAILABILITY — TROPICAL REGIONS WORLDWIDE
Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd. exports Pueraria javanica seeds to plantations, agricultural cooperatives, government agencies, and distributors across Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia, Philippines), Latin America (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Peru), Sub-Saharan Africa (Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Tanzania, Kenya, Mozambique, Uganda), South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh), and Oceania (Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Fiji). All seed shipments comply with international phytosanitary certification and trade compliance standards. Contact Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd. for bulk seed supply, distributor partnerships, and international delivery.
Berdasarkan angka-angka
Data dari uji coba yang telah melalui tinjauan sejawat di Malaysia, Indonesia, dan Filipina (sistem perkebunan karet, kelapa, dan peremajaan).
All statistics from peer-reviewed or institutional research. Seeds supplied by Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd. — available for export worldwide. View Perron et al. 2024 erosion study
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What is Pueraria javanica (PJ) and who is it for?
Pueraria javanica is a vigorous creeping and twining perennial legume widely used as a cover crop in rubber, coconut, and oil palm plantations. It fixes approximately 250 kg N/ha/yr with 85 to 93 percent of nitrogen derived from atmosphere (Vrignon-Brenas review), produces roughly 8 Mg/ha/yr aboveground biomass in immature rubber, and has been shown to reduce runoff by up to 88 percent on slopes (Perron 2024). PJ performs well on acidic tropical soils down to pH 3.5 but is not a drought specialist and is best suited for regions with reliable rainfall.
Quick facts: Pueraria javanica (PJ)
| Scientific name | Pueraria phaseoloides (syn. P. javanica) |
|---|---|
| Growth habit | Vigorous creeping/twining perennial legume |
| Seeding rate | 4-6 kg/ha (monoculture), 2-3 kg/ha (mixture) |
| Soil pH range | 3.5 - 6.0 |
| Ketahanan terhadap naungan | Sedang |
| Ketahanan terhadap kekeringan | Low to moderate (not a drought specialist) |
| N fixation | ~250 kg N/ha/yr, 85-93% Ndfa |
| Biomass production | ~8 Mg/ha/yr aboveground in immature rubber |
| Establishment speed | Moderate to slow (seed dormancy requires scarification) |
Where does Pueraria javanica (PJ) work best?
Best for
- Immature rubber plantations
- Coconut systems and coconut basin management
- Erosion-prone slopes (88% runoff reduction documented)
- Acidic tropical soils (tolerates pH as low as 3.5)
- Legume cover crop mixtures
Not ideal for
- Prolonged dry seasons or drought-prone regions
- Mature shaded canopy without companion species (CC or CP)
- Areas where rapid initial cover is critical (CM is faster)
What Pueraria javanica (PJ) will not do
PJ does not increase latex yield in rubber. There is no published evidence supporting a direct latex yield improvement from PJ cover. PJ does not prevent Tapping Panel Dryness. For coconut yield claims, the comparator matters: yield improvements are relative to bare-soil or unmanaged basins, not to other cover crop systems. Seed dormancy requires scarification for acceptable germination rates (untreated seed germinates at only 7-16% versus 73-91% with H2SO4 scarification).
How to establish and use Pueraria javanica (PJ)
Sow at 4 to 6 kg/ha for monoculture or 2 to 3 kg/ha when used in a legume mixture. Seed scarification is essential: untreated seed germinates at only 7 to 16 percent, compared to 73 to 91 percent with acid scarification. In coconut systems, follow the Thomas and Shantaram 1993 protocol for basin establishment. For erosion control on slopes, PJ can be combined with CM for fast initial cover followed by PJ persistence.
What does the research say about Pueraria javanica (PJ)?
- Vrignon-Brenas review documents N fixation of ~250 kg N/ha/yr with 85-93% Ndfa.
- Perron 2024 demonstrates 88% runoff reduction on slopes with PJ cover.
- Thomas and Shantaram 1993 provides the coconut basin cover crop protocol.
- Sri Lanka coconut yield research shows yield response relative to bare-soil comparator.
- Biomass data (~8 Mg/ha/yr) from immature rubber system studies.
Frequently asked questions about Pueraria javanica (PJ)
What is the recommended seeding rate for Pueraria javanica?
For monoculture establishment, use 4 to 6 kg/ha. When PJ is part of a legume mixture (commonly with CM and CP), reduce to 2 to 3 kg/ha. Scarified seed is strongly recommended for acceptable germination rates.
Does Pueraria javanica increase rubber latex yield?
There is no published evidence that PJ directly increases rubber latex yield. The documented benefits in rubber systems are soil nitrogen enrichment, weed suppression, and erosion reduction. PJ also does not prevent Tapping Panel Dryness.
Why is seed scarification important for PJ?
Untreated PJ seed has a germination rate of only 7 to 16 percent due to hard-seed dormancy. Acid scarification (H2SO4) increases germination to 73 to 91 percent. Without scarification, establishment will be poor and uneven.
How does Pueraria javanica perform in coconut systems?
PJ is used as a basin cover crop in coconut systems following the Thomas and Shantaram 1993 protocol. Yield improvements have been documented in Sri Lanka, but these are relative to bare-soil or unmanaged basins rather than to other cover crop systems.
What is PJ's role in erosion control?
Perron 2024 documented an 88 percent reduction in runoff on slopes with PJ cover. PJ's dense root system and surface biomass stabilize soil, making it one of the stronger erosion-control legumes for tropical slopes.
What to include in your inquiry
To help us provide accurate pricing and recommendations for Pueraria javanica (PJ), please include the following information when you contact us:
- Your plantation crop (rubber, coconut, oil palm)
- Soil type and approximate pH
- Annual rainfall and dry season length
- Terrain (flat, sloped)
- Planting area in hectares
- Whether you need scarified or untreated seed
- Your location (state/region in Malaysia)
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