Benih Tanaman Penutup Bumi Calopogonium mucunoides (CM)
Calopogonium mucunoides
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CIRI-CIRI TUMBUHAN
Kekacang tahunan menjalar dengan pertumbuhan merayap dan melilit. Cepat tumbuh, menghasilkan litupan vegetatif yang padat di bawah kanopi getah dan kelapa. Mudah menyesuaikan diri dengan pelbagai keadaan tanah tropika.
KEGUNAAN
Pengikatan nitrogen, kawalan hakisan, penutup tanah, baja hijau, dan penindasan rumpai. Ditubuhkan sebagai kekacang baskom dalam sistem kelapa, Calopogonium mucunoides menyumbang 27.21 kg biomassa dan 186.5 g nitrogen setiap baskom (Thomas & Shantaram, 1993), dan bersama Pueraria javanica, boleh menggantikan sehingga 30% daripada keperluan baja nitrogen dalam kelapa dewasa. Untuk percambahan optimum, pertimbangkan untuk menggunakan Pengaktif Benih semasa penanaman.
TABIAT PERTUMBUHAN
Pertumbuhan awal yang cepat. Menghasilkan 10,773 kg biomassa segar sehektar pada 150 hari dalam percubaan ladang di Filipina. Terurai sebanyak 95.61% dalam tempoh 3 bulan, menjadikannya salah satu tanaman penutup yang paling cepat mengitar nutrien yang tersedia untuk sistem antara baris tropika.
JENIS PENANAMAN & KADAR PENANAMAN
Tunggak tulen: 4-6 kg/ha; dalam campuran kekacang: 1-3 kg/ha
KAEDAH PENANAMAN
Menabur terus, tabur serak atau barisan
PENGHASILAN BAHAN KERING
6-10 t/ha/tahun
BILANGAN BIJI BENIH/KG
~70,000 biji benih (berat 1000 biji benih 13-15 g, PROSEA)
DIBEKALKAN OLEH CHEMISEED SDN. BHD.
Biji benih Calopogonium mucunoides dibekalkan oleh Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd., sebuah syarikat pertanian tropika Malaysia yang mengkhusus dalam biji benih tanaman penutup, perapi tanah, dan input ladang. Chemiseed adalah pembekal biji benih tanaman penutup kekacang yang dipercayai di seluruh kawasan tropika.
KETERSEDIAAN GLOBAL: KAWASAN TROPIKA DI SELURUH DUNIA
Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd. mengeksport biji benih Calopogonium mucunoides kepada ladang, koperasi pertanian, agensi kerajaan, dan pengedar di seluruh Asia Tenggara (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Kemboja, Filipina), Amerika Latin (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Peru), Sub-Sahara Afrika (Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Ivory Coast, Tanzania, Kenya, Mozambique, Uganda), Asia Selatan (India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh), dan Oceania (Papua New Guinea, Kepulauan Solomon, Fiji). Semua penghantaran biji benih mematuhi pensijilan fitosanitari antarabangsa dan piawaian pematuhan perdagangan. Hubungi Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd. untuk bekalan biji benih pukal, perkongsian pengedar, dan penghantaran antarabangsa.
Sumber Berkaitan
- Perbandingan Tanaman Penutup: PJ, CM, CP, MB
- Tanaman Penutup Terbaik untuk Kelapa Sawit
- Tanaman Penutup Terbaik untuk Getah
- Kalkulator Tanaman Penutup
- Soalan Lazim
- Pengaktif Benih, Meningkatkan Percambahan
Mengikut nombor
Data daripada penyelidikan institusi di Filipina dan kajian pemakanan kelapa yang telah disemak rakan sebaya.
Semua statistik daripada sumber institusi dan disemak rakan sebaya. Biji benih dibekalkan oleh Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd., tersedia untuk eksport ke seluruh dunia. Lihat kajian baskom kelapa Thomas & Shantaram
Artikel Berkaitan
Baca lebih lanjut dari pangkalan pengetahuan agronomi Chemiseed:
Cara Memesan
Kuantiti kecil / Runcit: Untuk pek tunggal dan kuantiti yang lebih kecil, beli di kedai runcit kami di Shopee dan TikTok Shop.
Pukal / Estet: Untuk pesanan berskala ladang (100 kg+), minta sebut harga pukal dengan diskaun volume.
Eksport / Antarabangsa: Kami menghantar ke seluruh dunia. Hubungi kami untuk harga CIF/FOB dan dokumentasi eksport.
Pasaran: Pek runcit tersedia di Shopee Malaysia dan TikTok Shop.
Rancang dengan kalkulator percuma kami
Anggarkan nitrogen yang boleh disumbangkan oleh tanaman penutup ini dengan Kalkulator Pengikatan Nitrogen, model kawalan hakisan dengan Kalkulator Hakisan Tanah, atau kira kuantiti biji benih dengan Kalkulator Tanaman Penutup. Semak imbas semua alat perladangan kami.
Panduan berkaitan: Panduan tanaman penutup Calopogonium mucunoides, atau lihat panduan tanaman penutup lengkap.
Terakhir disemak Jun 2026 oleh Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd.
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What is Calopogonium mucunoides (CM) and who is it for?
Calopogonium mucunoides is a fast-establishing creeping legume used as a pioneer cover crop in oil palm, rubber, and coconut plantations. It is one of the quickest legume cover crops to provide initial ground cover, making it valuable for rapid weed suppression and early soil protection. CM tolerates acidic clay soils well, with documented performance at pH 4.5 to 5.5 and high aluminum tolerance. However, CM is a short-lived perennial that may need re-establishment over time, and it does not perform well under prolonged dry conditions or deep shade.
Quick facts: Calopogonium mucunoides (CM)
| Scientific name | Calopogonium mucunoides |
|---|---|
| Growth habit | Creeping/twining annual to short-lived perennial legume |
| Seeding rate | 4-6 kg/ha (monoculture), 2-3 kg/ha (mixture) |
| Soil pH range | 4.5 - 5.5 (high Al tolerance) |
| Shade tolerance | Moderate |
| Drought tolerance | Low (prefers wet tropical conditions) |
| N fixation | Part of 35-450 kg N/ha/yr range in plantation systems |
| Establishment speed | Fast (one of the fastest early-cover legumes) |
| Aluminum tolerance | High |
Where does Calopogonium mucunoides (CM) work best?
Best for
- Fast initial ground cover in new plantings
- Acidic clay soils with high aluminum content
- Wet tropical sites with reliable rainfall
- Plantation legume mixtures (commonly with PJ and CP)
- Coconut basin cover (Thomas and Shantaram 1993 protocol)
Not ideal for
- Prolonged dry conditions
- Deep-shade permanent cover requirements
- Sites needing long-term persistent cover without re-establishment
- Standalone cover in mature closed-canopy systems
What Calopogonium mucunoides (CM) will not do
CM does not increase coconut copra yield. Research (Thomas and Shantaram 1993) shows soil and weed benefits but not a direct copra yield increase. CM does not improve rubber latex yield. As a short-lived perennial, CM may decline after 2 to 3 years and require re-establishment or replacement by longer-lived species in the mixture. It is typically most effective as a pioneer component in legume mixtures rather than as a standalone permanent cover.
How to establish and use Calopogonium mucunoides (CM)
Sow at 4 to 6 kg/ha for monoculture or 2 to 3 kg/ha in mixtures with PJ and CP. CM establishes faster than most legume cover crops, making it ideal as the pioneer species in a mixture strategy where CM provides early cover while slower species like PJ establish. For coconut basins, follow the Thomas and Shantaram 1993 protocol. Pre-treatment of seed may improve germination uniformity (refer to FAO 2022 guidance).
What does the research say about Calopogonium mucunoides (CM)?
- Thomas and Shantaram 1993 documents CM use in coconut basin cover crop systems.
- FAO 2022 provides germination and seed pre-treatment guidance.
- CPCRI organic coconut guidance references CM in cover crop recommendations.
- N fixation data from cacao and plantation system research (35-450 kg N/ha/yr range for legume covers).
Frequently asked questions about Calopogonium mucunoides (CM)
How fast does Calopogonium mucunoides establish compared to other cover crops?
CM is one of the fastest-establishing legume cover crops available for tropical plantations. It provides initial ground cover more quickly than PJ or CP, which makes it valuable as a pioneer species in mixed plantings where rapid weed suppression is a priority.
What seed pre-treatment does CM need?
Seed pre-treatment can improve germination uniformity. Refer to FAO 2022 guidance for specific protocols. In general, mechanical or chemical scarification may help overcome any hard-seed dormancy, though CM seed dormancy is less severe than PJ.
Is Calopogonium mucunoides suitable for acidic soils?
Yes. CM tolerates acidic soils in the pH 4.5 to 5.5 range and has documented high aluminum tolerance. This makes it well-suited for the acidic clay soils common in many Malaysian plantation regions.
Can CM be used alone or should it be in a mixture?
CM is most effective as part of a legume mixture rather than as a standalone permanent cover. Because CM is a short-lived perennial that may decline after 2 to 3 years, pairing it with longer-lived species like PJ or CP provides both fast initial cover (from CM) and long-term persistence (from the companion species).
What to include in your inquiry
To help us provide accurate pricing and recommendations for Calopogonium mucunoides (CM), please include the following information when you contact us:
- Your plantation crop (oil palm, rubber, coconut)
- Soil type and approximate pH
- Annual rainfall pattern
- Planting area in hectares
- Whether you plan to use CM alone or in a mixture
- Your location (state/region in Malaysia)
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Chemiseed Sdn. Bhd.
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Documents available
Technical Data Sheet (TDS), Certificate of Analysis (COA) with germination data, Safety Data Sheet (SDS) where applicable, and phytosanitary certification (ISPM 7, NPPO Malaysia) for export are available on request.
Limitations and site considerations
Field results depend on crop system, soil, rainfall, planting method, seed quality, storage, timing, and post-establishment management. Adjust recommendations to local conditions, and contact us before ordering if you are unsure about crop fit, application rate, or site suitability.